| توضیحات: | Since the publication of the first edition of this book, the field of analog integrated circuits has
developed and matured. The initial groundwork was laid in bipolar technology, followed by
a rapid evolution of MOS analog integrated circuits. Thirty years ago, CMOS technologies
were fast enough to support applications only at audio frequencies. However, the continuing
reduction of the minimum feature size in integrated-circuit (IC) technologies has greatly
increased the maximum operating frequencies, and CMOS technologies have become fast
enough for many new applications as a result. For example, the bandwidth in some video
applications is about 4 MHz, requiring bipolar technologies as recently as about twenty-three
years ago. Now, however, CMOS easily can accommodate the required bandwidth for video
and is being used for radio-frequency applications.Today, bipolar integrated circuits are used in
some applications that require very low noise, very wide bandwidth, or driving low-impedance
loads. | تعداد بازدید: 1057 
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