توضیحات: | This text is intended as an introduction to elementary probability theory and stochastic processes. It is particularly well suited for those wanting to see how probability theory can be applied to the study of phenomena in fields such as engi-neering, computer science, management science, the physical and social sciences, and operations research.
Any realistic model of a real-world phenomenon must take into account the possi-bility of randomness. That is, more often than not, the quantities we are interested in will not be predictable in advance but, rather, will exhibit an inherent varia-tion that should be taken into account by the model. This is usually accomplished by allowing the model to be probabilistic in nature. Such a model is, naturally enough, referred to as a probability model.
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